RS178

ELECTRONIC WARFARE
ESM/ELINT TECHNOLOGY

SYNOPSIS

The "ESM/ELINT" course is intended for engineers and otherpersonnel requiring a greater in-depth understanding of the Electronic SupportMeasures (ESM) and Electronic Intelligence (ELINT) systems for the interceptionand analysis of radar signals.

ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS

A junior professional or other technologist having completed an introductorycourse in electronic warfare or having direct experience with radar warningreceivers of RF passive detection systems.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

The principal objective of the course is to expand the student's understandingof the application of passive electronic warfare tactic as the means ofinformation gathering for the purpose of determining both the tactical andstrategic intention of hostile actions.

The specific learning objectives of the course are:

• To expand on basic techniques and present advanced technology concepts in modern electronic warfare:
  
• To develop skills in analyzing and applying methods of ESM/ELINT signal detection and analysis and understanding methods by which practical performance limits are effectively estimated; and
  
• To demonstrate the use of personal computers as an effective analysis tool.

COURSE DESCRIPTION

The "ESM/ELINT" course expands on the basic EW course by describingthe attributes of modern radar systems and the various ESM/ELINT techniquesfor detection and providing the means for situational assessment of thebattle space.

The radar segment of the course begins by categorizing the radar typesand outlining the radar waveforms which can be analyzed, in an unclassifiedmanner, to provide type classification and identification, passive locationand operating mode as the key to threat intention. Search and acquisitionradar, track-radar and missile radar are considered. Special emphasis isplaced upon the probability of intercept, direction finding and passivetarget location, as well as the receiver characteristics that are requiredto give proper operation in the future. The course is intended to show theuse of passive RF systems for the application of signal interception andanalysis rather than the consideration of detailed hardware implementationconcerns. Quantitative examples are presented to both illustrate ESM/ELINTconcepts and show the added efficiency now available by the use of computedaided analysis and simulations. Lastly, new technology trends and how theseare impacting the electronic warfare game are described.

COURSE OUTLINE

INTRODUCTION TO ESM/ELINT Inferring Radar Capabilities Radar Types & Deployment Impact of Littoral Operations Anti-Ship Missile Defense Integrated Air Defense Systems ELINT Reporting RADAR SIGNAL INTERCEPTION Defining the Problem Probability of Intercept Scan on Scan Issues Frequency Scan Patterns OBSERVED RADAR SIGNAL PARAMETERS Power Levels Radio Frequency Polarization Pulse Width Pulse Repetition Inter & Intra Pulse Modulation INTERCEPT SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS Frequency Coverage Sensitivity Selectivity from Interference Dynamic Range Analysis Bandwidth Signal-to-Noise Effects Parameter Measurement Limitations ANTENNAS & DIRECTION FINDERS Amplitude Comparison Phase Comparison Monopulse Configuration Phase Interferometers

PASSIVE EMITTER LOCATION Angle of Arrival Triangular Phase Rate of Change Time Difference of Arrival Doppler Processing Errors Sources Circular Error Probability Self Location Errors ESM/ELINT RECEIVERS Crystal Video Superhetrodyne Instantaneous Frequency Measurement Channelized Compressive Acousto-Optical Digital RF CONVERTER Mixer Performance Frequency Plans Single Converse Methods Double Conversion Methods Spurious Generation Spurious Signal Impacts RADAR SIGNAL ANALYSIS Pulse Train Deinterleaving Radio Frequency Analysis Pulse Repetition Interval Analysis Beam Analysis Polarization RADAR EMITTER ANALYSIS Identification Weapon System Associations Platform Association

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